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Long-distance quantum communication over noisy networks without long-time quantum memory

机译:没有噪声的嘈杂网络上的长距离量子通信   长时间的量子记忆

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摘要

The problem of sharing entanglement over large distances is crucial forimplementations of quantum cryptography. A possible scheme for long-distanceentanglement sharing and quantum communication exploits networks whose nodesshare Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. In Perseguers et al. [Phys. Rev. A78, 062324 (2008)] the authors put forward an important isomorphism betweenstoring quantum information in a dimension $D$ and transmission of quantuminformation in a $D+1$-dimensional network. We show that it is possible toobtain long-distance entanglement in a noisy two-dimensional (2D) network, evenwhen taking into account that encoding and decoding of a state is exposed to anerror. For 3D networks we propose a simple encoding and decoding scheme basedsolely on syndrome measurements on 2D Kitaev topological quantum memory. Ourprocedure constitutes an alternative scheme of state injection that can be usedfor universal quantum computation on 2D Kitaev code. It is shown that theencoding scheme is equivalent to teleporting the state, from a specific nodeinto a whole two-dimensional network, through some virtual EPR pair existingwithin the rest of network qubits. We present an analytic lower bound onfidelity of the encoding and decoding procedure, using as our main tool amodified metric on space-time lattice, deviating from a taxicab metric at thefirst and the last time slices.
机译:在远距离上共享纠缠问题对于实现量子密码学至关重要。一种长距离纠缠和量子通信的可能方案利用了节点共享爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森(EPR)对的网络。在Perseguers等人中。 [物理Rev. A78,062324(2008)]作者提出了在维信息中存储量子信息和在维数网络中传递量子信息之间的重要同构。我们表明,即使考虑到状态的编码和解码暴露在错误中,也可以在嘈杂的二维(2D)网络中获得长距离纠缠。对于3D网络,我们仅基于2D Kitaev拓扑量子存储器上的校正子测量提出一种简单的编码和解码方案。我们的过程构成了状态注入的替代方案,该方案可用于在2D Kitaev代码上进行通用量子计算。结果表明,编码方案等效于通过其余网络量子位中存在的一些虚拟EPR对,将状态从特定节点传送到整个二维网络。我们提出了一种编码和解码过程的解析下界不保真度,使用时空格上的改进量度作为我们的主要工具,它在第一个和最后一个时间片上偏离了出租车标准。

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